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Writing basics
- 1. Writing Basics Check for grammar, spelling, punctuation, and other mechanics
- 2. Six Comma Rules - 1 1. Put a comma before these connecting words known as FANBOYS when they connect two independent sentences: • For- And-Nor- But-Or- Yet- So • We may leave Friday, or we may wait until Monday. 2. Put a comma between items in a series. • She put down the phone, picked up her purse, and left. 3. Use a comma to set off introductory words, phrases, or clauses. • Fortunately, Mrs. Smith had brought her credit card. • If the response is good, we’ll repeat the advertisement.
- 3. Six Comma Rules - 2 4. Put commas around the name of a person spoken to. • I think, Sylvia, that you are absolutely right. • Kim, how about a game of tennis? 5. Put commas around an interrupter, like however, moreover, etc. • We knew, of course, that we were late. • We didn’t expect, therefore, to get seats. 6. Use commas around nonessential material and transitional words. • The passage of related measures, Hamilton believed, would enable the United States to realize its destiny as a great industrial nation.
- 4. Semicolon and Its Use with Adverbs A semicolon separates two complete ideas whose contents are closely related. ̶ The project was finally completed; we had done a good week’s work. Semicolons used with conjunctive adverbs (however, therefore, in fact, consequently) and other transitional phrases: ̶ Incorrect: The job is filled, however, we will keep your résumé on file. ̶ Correct: The job is filled; however, we will keep your résumé on file.
- 5. Run-on Sentence, Comma Splice The run-on sentence crams too many ideas together with no adequate sign given to mark the break or pause. ̶ Run-on sentence: Sarah did a great job she was promoted to GM. A comma splice is a run-on sentence with a comma. (That is, two complete ideas, which should be separated by a period or a semicolon, are incorrectly joined by a comma.) ̶ Comma splice: Sara did a great job, she was promoted to GM. ̶ You may correct this run-on sentence comma splice in several ways: Correct: Sarah did a great job. She was promoted to General Manager. Correct: Sarah did a great job, and she was promoted to GM. Correct: Sarah did a great job; she was promoted to General Manager. • Substitute period with semicolon to signal a relationship). Correct: Sarah did a great job; consequently, she was promoted to GM.
- 6. Sentence Clarity Why do we need to be concerned with sentence clarity? To communicate effectively to the reader To make writing persuasive To show credibility and authority as a writer